Screw piles are a key element in creating a strong and reliable foundation. However, there are times when they need to be removed. This can be due to various factors, such as installation errors, damage to the pile, reaching the end of its service life, or the need to relocate the structure.
Hollow piles are metal pipes with helical blades at the end
that are screwed into the ground to create a foundation. They are widely used
in construction due to their versatility and reliability. Depending on the soil
type and load, screw piles can have different diameters, lengths, and tip
designs. For example, flat-tipped screw piles are used in soft soils, while
conical tips are suitable for hard soils.
Reasons for
Dismantling
The reasons for dismantling screw piles after installation
can vary. One of the most common is the need to correct errors made during
installation. Incorrect pile installation can lead to uneven load distribution
and, consequently, damage to the foundation.
Another reason may be damage to the pile itself, such as
corrosion or mechanical damage. Removing old piles and installing new ones may
also be necessary at the end of their service life. In some cases, it may be
necessary to relocate the entire structure, which also requires removing the
piles from the ground.
Preparing for
Dismantling
Before dismantling, it is necessary to assess the condition
of the installed screw piles. This includes checking for corrosion, mechanical
damage, and the overall condition of the structure. This assessment will help
determine whether the piles are suitable for reuse or should be disposed of. It
will also help select the most appropriate dismantling method and tools.
To successfully dismantle screw piles, it is necessary to
have the appropriate tools and equipment on hand. Depending on the chosen
dismantling method, these may include hand tools or specialized equipment.
Manual dismantling often involves using crowbars, levers, and winches.
Mechanical dismantling requires specialized equipment such as drilling rigs or
lifting mechanisms. Regardless of the chosen method, it is important to have a
complete set of tools and ensure they are in good working order.
Safety is a priority during dismantling and installation
work. Workers must be provided with protective clothing, including gloves, hard
hats, and goggles. Work should be carried out in favorable weather conditions,
avoiding rain and strong winds. It is also necessary to monitor the condition
of the equipment and follow safety regulations when using tools and machinery.
Screw Pile Removal
Methods
Manual Method
The manual method for removing screw piles is the most
accessible and inexpensive. This method is suitable for small structures and
soft soils. The process begins with clearing the area of all obstructions to
ensure access to the piles. Next, a lever or crowbar is inserted into the top
of the pile, which is used to unscrew the pile from the ground. This method requires
significant physical effort and time. The advantages of the manual method
include low cost and the ability to perform the work without specialized
equipment. However, the main disadvantage is high labor intensity and the need
to monitor the verticality of the pile.
Mechanical Method
The mechanical method of dismantling involves the use of
specialized equipment, such as drilling rigs or lifting mechanisms. This method
is suitable for large structures and dense soils. The process begins with site
preparation: removing debris, roots, and creating access roads for the
equipment. The drilling rig or other lifting mechanism is positioned and used
to unscrew the pile. The advantages of the mechanical method include speed and
minimal physical effort. However, the use of equipment requires additional
costs and the availability of access roads.
Specific Dismantling
Cases
Removing Piles in Complex Soils
In complex soils, such as dense or rocky soils, removing
piles can be a significant undertaking. In such cases, the use of more powerful
tools and specialized equipment is recommended. This may include the use of
high-powered drilling rigs or additional equipment to break up dense soil
layers.
Working in Confined Spaces
When removing piles in confined spaces or in the presence of
obstructions such as water or nearby structures, it is essential to use compact
and maneuverable tools. In such conditions, precision and accuracy are
especially important to avoid damage to adjacent structures.
Post-Dismantling Work
Site Treatment
After the removal of screw piles is complete, the site must
be treated. This includes filling in any holes and leveling the ground.
Reusing Piles
Screw piles removed without significant damage can be
reused. To do so, they must be thoroughly inspected and, if necessary,
repaired.
Disposal of Piles
Piles that cannot be reused must be disposed of in
accordance with regulations.
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